Oxidative Stress in Patients with Advanced CKD and Renal Replacement Therapy: The Key Role of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most studies have investigated peripheral redox state focus on plasma, but not different immune cells. Our study analyzed several markers plasma and isolated polymorphonuclear (PMNs) mononuclear (MNs) leukocytes from advanced-CKD patients, also evaluating differences hemodialysis (HD) peritoneal dialysis (PD) procedures. Antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced (GSH)) oxidant parameters (xanthine oxidase (XO), oxidized (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA)) were assessed PMNs MNs non-dialysis-dependent-CKD (NDD-CKD), HD PD patients healthy controls. Increased oxidative damage observed NDD-CKD, (increased XO, GSSG MDA; decreased SOD, CAT, GPX GSH; altered GSSG/GSH balance). Several alterations more exacerbated PMNs, whereas others only MNs. Dialysis procedures had positive effect preserving balance PMNs. Interestingly, showed greater than especially The assessment could potential use as biomarkers CKD progression.